The Effect of Bully Victimization on Self-Reported Delinquency and Substance Use Using the General Strain Theory Framework: Sex, Race, and Ethnicity Differences

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Stephanie M. Cardwell Cashen M. Boccio Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice, the University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas, USAStephanie M. Cardwell is an assistant professor in the Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice at The University of Texas at San Antonio and an Honorary Research Fellow in the School of Social Science at The University of Queensland. Her research predominantly focuses on the relationship between risk factors and adolescent antisocial behavior and understanding how interventions can modify these relationships.Cashen M. Boccio Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminology & Criminal Justice at The University of Texas at San Antonio. She received her Ph.D. from Florida State University. Her research interests include life-course criminology, substance use, and trait-based theories of crime.

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